/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Artima, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 * Automatically generated Scala interpreter transcript from:
 *
 * Programming in Scala (First Edition, Version 6)
 * by Martin Odersky, Lex Spoon, Bill Venners
 *
 * http://booksites.artima.com/programming_in_scala
 */


scala> val colors = List("red", "blue", "green")
colors: List[java.lang.String] = List(red, blue, green)

scala> colors.head
res0: java.lang.String = red

scala> colors.tail
res1: List[java.lang.String] = List(blue, green)

scala> val fiveInts = new Array[Int](5)
fiveInts: Array[Int] = Array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

scala> val fiveToOne = Array(5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
fiveToOne: Array[Int] = Array(5, 4, 3, 2, 1)

scala> fiveInts(0) = fiveToOne(4)

scala> fiveInts
res3: Array[Int] = Array(1, 0, 0, 0, 0)

scala> import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer

scala> val buf = new ListBuffer[Int]             
buf: scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer[Int] = ListBuffer()

scala> buf += 1                                  
res4: buf.type = ListBuffer(1)

scala> buf += 2                                  
res5: buf.type = ListBuffer(1, 2)

scala> buf     
res6: scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer[Int] = ListBuffer(1, 2)

scala> 3 +=: buf                                  
res7: buf.type = ListBuffer(3, 1, 2)

scala> buf.toList
res8: List[Int] = List(3, 1, 2)

scala> import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

scala> val buf = new ArrayBuffer[Int]()
buf: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer()

scala> buf += 12
res9: buf.type = ArrayBuffer(12)

scala> buf += 15
res10: buf.type = ArrayBuffer(12, 15)

scala> buf
res11: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer(12, 15)

scala> buf.length
res12: Int = 2

scala> buf(0)
res13: Int = 12

scala> def hasUpperCase(s: String) = s.exists(_.isUpper)
hasUpperCase: (s: String)Boolean

scala> hasUpperCase("Robert Frost")
res14: Boolean = true

scala> hasUpperCase("e e cummings")
res15: Boolean = false

scala> import scala.collection.mutable
import scala.collection.mutable

scala> val mutaSet = mutable.Set(1, 2, 3)          
mutaSet: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Int] = Set(1, 2, 3)

scala> val text = "See Spot run. Run, Spot. Run!"
text: java.lang.String = See Spot run. Run, Spot. Run!

scala> val wordsArray = text.split("[ !,.]+")    
wordsArray: Array[java.lang.String] = Array(See, Spot, run, Run, Spot, Run)

scala>  val words = mutable.Set.empty[String]
words: scala.collection.mutable.Set[String] = Set()

scala> for (word <- wordsArray)
         words += word.toLowerCase

scala> words
res17: scala.collection.mutable.Set[String] = Set(spot, run, see)

scala> val map = mutable.Map.empty[String, Int]
map: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map()

scala> val map = mutable.Map.empty[String, Int]
map: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map()

scala> map("hello") = 1

scala> map("there") = 2

scala> map
res20: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map((hello,1), (there,2))

scala> map("hello")
res21: Int = 1

scala> def countWords(text: String) = {
         val counts = mutable.Map.empty[String, Int]
         for (rawWord <- text.split("[ ,!.]+")) {
           val word = rawWord.toLowerCase
           val oldCount = 
             if (counts.contains(word)) counts(word)
             else 0
           counts += (word -> (oldCount + 1))
         }
         counts
       }
countWords: (text: String)scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int]

scala> countWords("See Spot run! Run, Spot. Run!")
res22: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map((see,1), (run,3), (spot,2))

scala> List(1, 2, 3)
res23: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3)

scala> mutable.Set(1, 2, 3)
res24: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Int] = Set(1, 2, 3)

scala> mutable.Map(1->"hi", 2->"there")
res25: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,java.lang.String] = Map((2,there), (1,hi))

scala> Array(1, 2, 3)
res26: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3)

scala> List(1, 2, 3)
res27: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3)

scala> List.apply(1, 2, 3)
res28: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3)

scala> import scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet
import scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet

scala> val ts = TreeSet(9, 3, 1, 8, 0, 2, 7, 4, 6, 5)
ts: scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet[Int] = TreeSet(8, 4, 9, 5, 6, 1, 0, 2, 7, 3)

scala> val cs = TreeSet('f', 'u', 'n')
cs: scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet[Char] = TreeSet(f, n, u)

scala> import scala.collection.immutable.TreeMap
import scala.collection.immutable.TreeMap

scala> var tm = TreeMap(3 -> 'x', 1 -> 'x', 4 -> 'x')
tm: scala.collection.immutable.TreeMap[Int,Char] = Map((1,x), (3,x), (4,x))

scala> tm += (2 -> 'x')

scala> tm
res30: scala.collection.immutable.TreeMap[Int,Char] = Map((1,x), (2,x), (3,x), (4,x))

scala> val original = Set(1, 2, 3)
original: scala.collection.immutable.Set[Int] = Set(1, 2, 3)

scala> val updated = original + 5
updated: scala.collection.immutable.Set[Int] = Set(1, 2, 3, 5)

scala> original
res31: scala.collection.immutable.Set[Int] = Set(1, 2, 3)

scala> val people = Set("Nancy", "Jane")
people: scala.collection.immutable.Set[java.lang.String] = Set(Nancy, Jane)

scala> people += "Bob"
<console>:12: error: reassignment to val
       people += "Bob"
              ^

scala> var people = Set("Nancy", "Jane")
people: scala.collection.immutable.Set[java.lang.String] = Set(Nancy, Jane)

scala> people += "Bob"

scala> people
res34: scala.collection.immutable.Set[java.lang.String] = Set(Nancy, Jane, Bob)

scala> people -= "Jane"

scala> people ++= List("Tom", "Harry")

scala> people
res37: scala.collection.immutable.Set[java.lang.String] = Set(Nancy, Bob, Tom, Harry)

scala> var roughlyPi = 3.0
roughlyPi: Double = 3.0

scala> roughlyPi += 0.1

scala> roughlyPi += 0.04

scala> roughlyPi
res40: Double = 3.14

scala> List(1, 2, 3)
res41: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3)

scala> Set('a', 'b', 'c')
res42: scala.collection.immutable.Set[Char] = Set(a, b, c)

scala> import scala.collection.mutable
import scala.collection.mutable

scala> mutable.Map("hi" -> 2, "there" -> 5)
res43: scala.collection.mutable.Map[java.lang.String,Int] = Map((hi,2), (there,5))

scala> Array(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
res44: Array[Double] = Array(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)

scala> import scala.collection.mutable
import scala.collection.mutable

scala> val stuff = mutable.Set(42)
stuff: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Int] = Set(42)

scala> stuff += "abracadabra"
<console>:16: error: type mismatch;
 found   : java.lang.String("abracadabra")
 required: Int
       stuff += "abracadabra"
                ^

scala> val stuff = mutable.Set[Any](42)
stuff: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Any] = Set(42)

scala> buf.toArray
res46: Array[Int] = Array(12, 15)

scala> buf.toList
res47: List[Int] = List(12, 15)

scala> buf.toArray
res48: Array[Int] = Array(12, 15)

scala> buf.toList
res49: List[Int] = List(12, 15)

scala> val colors = List("blue", "yellow", "red", "green")
colors: List[java.lang.String] = List(blue, yellow, red, green)

scala> import scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet
import scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet

scala> val treeSet = TreeSet(colors)                 
<console>:16: error: could not find implicit value for parameter ord: Ordering[List[java.lang.String]]
       val treeSet = TreeSet(colors)                 
                            ^

scala> val treeSet = TreeSet[String]() ++ colors
treeSet: scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet[String] = TreeSet(blue, green, red, yellow)

scala> treeSet.toList
res50: List[String] = List(blue, green, red, yellow)

scala> treeSet.toArray
res51: Array[String] = Array(blue, green, red, yellow)

scala> import scala.collection.mutable
import scala.collection.mutable

scala> treeSet
res52: scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet[String] = TreeSet(blue, green, red, yellow)

scala> val mutaSet = mutable.Set.empty ++= treeSet
mutaSet: scala.collection.mutable.Set[String] = Set(yellow, blue, red, green)

scala> val immutaSet = Set.empty ++ mutaSet
immutaSet: scala.collection.immutable.Set[String] = Set(yellow, blue, red, green)

scala> val muta = mutable.Map("i" -> 1, "ii" -> 2)
muta: scala.collection.mutable.Map[java.lang.String,Int] = Map((ii,2), (i,1))

scala> val immu = Map.empty ++ muta
immu: scala.collection.immutable.Map[java.lang.String,Int] = Map((ii,2), (i,1))

scala>   def longestWord(words: Array[String]) = {
           var word = words(0)
           var idx = 0
           for (i <- 1 until words.length)
             if (words(i).length > word.length) {
               word = words(i)
               idx = i
             }
           (word, idx)
         }

longestWord: (words: Array[String])(String, Int)

scala> val longest = 
         longestWord("The quick brown fox".split(" "))
longest: (String, Int) = (quick,1)

scala> longest._1
res53: String = quick

scala> longest._2
res54: Int = 1

scala> val (word, idx) = longest
word: String = quick
idx: Int = 1

scala> word
res55: String = quick

scala> val word, idx = longest
word: (String, Int) = (quick,1)
idx: (String, Int) = (quick,1)